This research project focused on building baseline ecological information on sharks and rays within the iSimangaliso Marine Protected Area. Using complementary underwater survey methods, the project assessed species diversity, relative abundance, distribution and seasonal patterns to strengthen the evidence base for long-term elasmobranch monitoring and management.
Principal Investigator: Dr. Jennifer Olbers
Co-Workers: Grant Smith, Geremy Cliff, Welly Qwabe
DFFE Permit No.: Res2023-57
Project Objectives
The study aimed to:
- Assess elasmobranch species diversity and relative abundance.
- Describe spatial distribution and seasonal patterns.
- Examine habitat associations and identify areas requiring further research.
- Strengthen baseline information available for long-term monitoring and management.
Research Importance
Southern Africa supports a highly diverse elasmobranch fauna, yet ecological information remains limited for many sharks and rays in the Western Indian Ocean. Establishing reliable baseline data on species occurrence, relative abundance, distribution and habitat associations provides a foundation for detecting future ecological change and identifying priorities for further research and management.
Methodology
The project used complementary non-invasive survey methods:
- Stereo-BRUVs: Standardised baited underwater video surveys used to assess species occurrence, relative abundance and body size.
- Underwater Visual Census (UVC): Diver-based surveys used to record additional species observations and examine patterns across reef habitats.
- Remote Underwater Video (RUV): Extended-duration monitoring at selected shark aggregation sites, providing additional observations of elasmobranch occurrence and behaviour.
Study Area
Research was conducted across selected inshore areas of the iSimangaliso Marine Protected Area, including the Sodwana Diving Restricted Zone, Offshore Controlled-Pelagic Linefish Zone North and Offshore Wilderness Zone.
Duration
The project ran from 2020 to 2023 and established a substantial multi-year dataset from repeated underwater surveys across the study area.
Project Outcomes
The 2020–2023 assessment established an important baseline dataset on shark and ray diversity, relative abundance and distribution within the iSimangaliso Marine Protected Area. Across stereo-BRUV and underwater visual census surveys, 37 elasmobranch taxa from 13 families were recorded. These data continue to support Sharklife’s long-term monitoring, subsequent research projects and broader understanding of elasmobranch communities in the region.
This project formed part of Sharklife’s long-term research programme in the iSimangaliso Marine Protected Area. Student field-training opportunities are offered separately through Sharklife’s Student Programmes.